
{"id":129,"date":"2017-08-03T11:59:03","date_gmt":"2017-08-03T09:59:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/gobe.rompat.ch\/?page_id=129"},"modified":"2024-11-17T15:22:50","modified_gmt":"2024-11-17T14:22:50","slug":"le-gobemouche-noir-ficedula-hypoleuca","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/chouette-gobe.ch\/?page_id=129","title":{"rendered":"Le Gobemouche noir &#8211; Ficedula hypoleuca"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16&Prime; global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16&Prime; background_size=\u00a0\u00bbinitial\u00a0\u00bb background_position=\u00a0\u00bbtop_left\u00a0\u00bb background_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb custom_margin=\u00a0\u00bb0px||0px||false|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb27px||2px|||\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16&Prime; custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb|||\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00a0\u00bb|||\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbTexte &#8211; Titre\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16&Prime; z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb500&Prime; text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n<h2>Le Gobemouche noir<\/h2>\n<p><em>Ficedula hypoleuca <\/em><\/p>\n<h4>Comment une population en limite de son aire de r\u00e9partition parvient-elle \u00e0 se maintenir ?<\/h4>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00a0\u00bb1_2,1_2&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16&Prime; background_size=\u00a0\u00bbinitial\u00a0\u00bb background_position=\u00a0\u00bbtop_left\u00a0\u00bb background_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb0px||0px|\u00a0\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb500&Prime; box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_2&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16&Prime; custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb|||\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00a0\u00bb|||\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbTexte &#8211; image\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16&Prime; z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb500&Prime; text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<div style=\"width: 460px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Fhfem1.jpg\" alt=\"Le village de Baulmes, zone de nidification du Gobemouche noir\" width=\"340\" height=\"224\"><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Femelle ravitaillant sa nich\u00e9e.<\/p><\/div><br \/>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_2&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16&Prime; custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb|||\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00a0\u00bb|||\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16&Prime; z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb500&Prime; text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n<p>D\u2019installation relativement r\u00e9cente dans le nord du canton de Vaud, le Gobemouche noir est une esp\u00e8ce qui utilise presque exclusivement les nichoirs artificiels pour sa nidification. Depuis son installation \u00e0&nbsp; Baulmes, au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 70, l\u2019esp\u00e8ce fait l&rsquo;objet d&rsquo;un suivi r\u00e9gulier portant annuellement sur le nombre de couples nicheurs, mais \u00e9galement, par des techniques de captures. baguage et recapture, sur l\u2019identit\u00e9 des oiseaux constituant cette population. A Corcelles-pr\u00e8s-Concise, Daniel Arrigo a entrepris un travail identique depuis 1988.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16&Prime; background_size=\u00a0\u00bbinitial\u00a0\u00bb background_position=\u00a0\u00bbtop_left\u00a0\u00bb background_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb0px|||\u00a0\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb500&Prime; box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16&Prime; custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb|||\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00a0\u00bb|||\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16&Prime; z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb500&Prime; text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat principal de cette \u00e9tude r\u00e9side dans le suivi \u00e0&nbsp; long terme d\u2019une population isol\u00e9e en marge de son aire de r\u00e9partition et ce d\u00e8s son installation naturelle dans la r\u00e9gion. Des contr\u00f4les syst\u00e9matiques des nichoirs permettent de conna\u00eetre pour chaque nich\u00e9e la date et la grandeur de ponte, le taux d\u2019\u00e9closion, le succ\u00e8s d\u2019\u00e9levage, de m\u00eame que l\u2019identit\u00e9 et l\u2019\u00e2ge des femelles et des m\u00e2les nicheurs. Apr\u00e8s une phase d\u2019expansion rapide jusqu\u2019en 1984, l\u2019esp\u00e8ce s\u2019est maintenue \u00e0&nbsp; un effectif compris entre 20 et 25 couples jusqu\u2019en 1988, pour ensuite diminuer de mani\u00e8re lente et r\u00e9guli\u00e8re. Actuellement, cette population est au bord de l\u2019extinction avec moins de 10 nids occup\u00e9s annuellement. Si l\u2019augmentation initiale a peut-\u00e2tre \u00e9t\u00e9 frein\u00e9e par le nombre de nichoirs disponibles, les fluctuations de la population sont par la suite totalement ind\u00e9pendantes de ce facteur. A Corcelles-pr\u00e8s-Concise, la population semble bien mieux se maintenir.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 286px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/fh_nichoir.jpg\" alt=\"M\u00e2le de Gobemouche noir \u00e0 &nbsp;l'entr\u00e9e de son nid\" width=\"276\" height=\"318\"><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">M\u00e2le de Gobemouche noir \u00e0 &nbsp;l&rsquo;entr\u00e9e de son nid<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Les Gobemouches noirs pondent en moyenne plus tard dans nos r\u00e9gions que dans le reste de l&rsquo;Europe centrale et septentrionale et leur ponte est l\u2019une des plus faibles connue en Europe. Ces deux param\u00e8tres sont li\u00e9s et les facteurs autres que la latitude (altitude, habitat, comp\u00e9tition intersp\u00e9cifique, &#8230;) ne semblent pas pouvoir expliquer ces ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes. Etant donn\u00e9 la dur\u00e9e tr\u00e8s courte de la saison de nidification de l\u2019esp\u00e8ce et l\u2019influence marqu\u00e9e de la date de ponte sur la production de cette population, on peut consid\u00e9rer ce retard comme un facteur limitant. Mais bien d\u2019autres param\u00e8tres de la reproduction paraissent plus faibles que ce qui pr\u00e9vaut ailleurs en Europe. Ainsi le taux d\u2019\u00e9closion voisine les 80%, alors qu&rsquo;il est tr\u00e8s g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0&nbsp; 90% ailleurs en Europe. Le succ\u00e8s \u00e0&nbsp; l\u2019envol est donc lui aussi tr\u00e8s faible. Mais en examinant les variations de l\u2019effectif, on remarque pourtant que c&rsquo;est dans l\u2019immigration d\u2019oiseaux provenant d\u2019autres populations que r\u00e9side le principal facteur explicatif du d\u00e9veloppement positif ou n\u00e9gatif de cette population. Et ce recrutement est affect\u00e9 d&rsquo;une baisse constante et significative.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbTexte &#8211; travaux publi\u00e9s\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.3&Prime; hover_enabled=\u00a0\u00bb0&Prime; z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb500&Prime; text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00a0\u00bb0&Prime;]<\/p>\n<h3>Travaux publi\u00e9s:<\/h3>\n<p>Pour acc\u00e9der <a href=\"\/?page_id=202\/#gobemouche202\">rapports d&rsquo;activit\u00e9s<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>RAVUSSIN Pierre-Alain et Cornelis NEET (1995)<\/strong> : Facteurs affectant la ponte d&rsquo;une population de Gobemouche noir (<em>Ficedula hypoleuca<\/em>) dans l\u2019ouest de la Suisse. Nos Oiseaux 43 : 163-178.<\/p>\n<p><strong>ARRIGO Daniel et Pierre-Alain RAVUSSIN (1999)<\/strong> : Un couple de Gobemouches noirs (<em>Ficedula hypoleuca<\/em>) niche sous le toit d&rsquo;un chalet. Nos Oiseaux 46 : 265.<\/p>\n<p><strong>RAVUSSIN Pierre-Alain (2000)<\/strong> : La coloration du plumage du Gobemouche noir m\u00e2le (<em>Ficedula hypoleuca<\/em>) dans une population de l\u2019ouest de la Suisse.<br \/>Nos Oiseaux 47 : 149-155.<a href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/coloration_fh.pdf\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/pdf.gif\" width=\"20px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Both Christiaan, Aleksandr V Artemyev., Bert Blaauw, Richard J. Cowie, Aarnoud, J. Dekhuizen, Tapio Eeva, Anders Enemar, Lars Gustafsson, Elena V. Ivankina, Antero J\u00e3rvinen, Neil B. Metcalfe, N. Erik I. Nyholm, Jaime Potti, Pierre-Alain Ravussin, Juan Jose Sanz, Bengt Silverin, Fred M. Slater, Leonid V. Sokolov, J\u00e0nos T\u00f6r\u00f6k, Wolfgang Winkel, Jonathan Wright, Herwig Zang, Marcel E.Visser (2004)<\/strong>\u00a0: Large-scale geographical variation confirms that climate change causes birds to lay earlier.<br \/>Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 271, 1657-1662. <a href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/bothetal.pdf\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/pdf.gif\" width=\"20px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Both, C., Sanz, J. J., Artemyev, A. A., Blaauw, B., Cowie, R. J., Dekhuijzen, A. J., Enemar, A., J\u00e4rvinen, A., Nyholm, N. E. I., Potti, J., Ravussin, P.-A., Silverin, B., Slater, F. M., Sokolov, L. V., Winkel, W., Wright, J., &amp; Zang, H. (2006b)<\/strong> : Pied flycatchers travelling from Africa to breed in Europe: differential effects of winter and migration conditions on breeding date.<br \/>Ardea, 93, (3): 511-525. <a href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/bothetal2.pdf\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/pdf.gif\" width=\"20px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Ravussin, P.-A., D. Arrigo, M. Schaub &amp; A. Roulin (2007)\u00a0<\/strong>: Succ\u00e8s de la reproduction et taux de survie du Gobemouche noir Ficedula hypoleuca dans l&rsquo;ouest de la Suisse, en marge de son aire de r\u00e9partition.<br \/>Nos Oiseaux 54: 29-40. <a href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/gobemouche_no_2007.pdf\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/pdf.gif\" width=\"20px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Ravussin, P.-A. et D. Arrigo (2012)\u00a0<\/strong>: Le Gobemouche noir Ficedula Hypoleuca en Suisse romande: Victime du r\u00e9chauffement climatique. Nos Oiseaux 59: 23-37.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Lehtonen P.K., Laaksonen T., Artemyev A.V., Belskii E., Berg P.R., Both C., Buggiotti L., Bures S., Burgess M.D., Bushuev A.V., Krams I., Moreno J., Magi M., Nord A., Potti J., Ravussin P.-A., Sirkia P.M., Saetre G.-P., Winkel W. and Primmer C.R.<\/strong>: Candidate genes for colour and vision exhibit signals of selection across the pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) breeding range.<br \/>Heredity 108: 431-440. <a href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Lehtonen_etal_2012.pdf\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/pdf.gif\" width=\"20px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le Gobemouche noirFicedula hypoleuca Comment une population en limite de son aire de r\u00e9partition parvient-elle \u00e0 se maintenir ? D\u2019installation relativement r\u00e9cente dans le nord du canton de Vaud, le Gobemouche noir est une esp\u00e8ce qui utilise presque exclusivement les nichoirs artificiels pour sa nidification. Depuis son installation \u00e0&nbsp; Baulmes, au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 70, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"<h4>Comment une population en limite de son aire de r\u00e9partition parvient-elle \u00e0 se maintenir?<\/h4>[caption id=\"\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"340\"]<img src=\"http:\/\/www.chouette-gobe.ch\/images\/baulmes.jpg\" alt=\"Le village de Baulmes, zone de nidification du Gobemouche noir\" width=\"340\" height=\"224\"> Le village de Baulmes, zone de nidification du Gobemouche noir[\/caption]<p>D\u2019installation relativement r\u00e9cente dans le nord du canton de Vaud, le Gobemouche noir est une esp\u00e8ce qui utilise presque exclusivement les nichoirs artificiels pour sa nidification. Depuis son installation \u00e0\u00a0 Baulmes, au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 70, l\u2019esp\u00e8ce fait l'objet d'un suivi r\u00e9gulier portant annuellement sur le nombre de couples nicheurs, mais \u00e9galement, par des techniques de captures. baguage et recapture, sur l\u2019identit\u00e9 des oiseaux constituant cette population. A Corcelles-pr\u00e8s-Concise, Daniel Arrigo a entrepris un travail identique depuis 1988.<\/p><p>L\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat principal de cette \u00e9tude r\u00e9side dans le suivi \u00e0\u00a0 long terme d\u2019une population isol\u00e9e en marge de son aire de r\u00e9partition et ce d\u00e8s son installation naturelle dans la r\u00e9gion. Des contr\u00f4les syst\u00e9matiques des nichoirs permettent de conna\u00eetre pour chaque nich\u00e9e la date et la grandeur de ponte, le taux d\u2019\u00e9closion, le succ\u00e8s d\u2019\u00e9levage, de m\u00eame que l\u2019identit\u00e9 et l\u2019\u00e2ge des femelles et des m\u00e2les nicheurs. Apr\u00e8s une phase d\u2019expansion rapide jusqu\u2019en 1984, l\u2019esp\u00e8ce s\u2019est maintenue \u00e0\u00a0 un effectif compris entre 20 et 25 couples jusqu\u2019en 1988, pour ensuite diminuer de mani\u00e8re lente et r\u00e9guli\u00e8re. Actuellement, cette population est au bord de l\u2019extinction avec moins de 10 nids occup\u00e9s annuellement. Si l\u2019augmentation initiale a peut-\u00e2tre \u00e9t\u00e9 frein\u00e9e par le nombre de nichoirs disponibles, les fluctuations de la population sont par la suite totalement ind\u00e9pendantes de ce facteur. A Corcelles-pr\u00e8s-Concise, la population semble bien mieux se maintenir.<\/p>[caption id=\"\" align=\"alignright\" width=\"276\"]<img src=\"http:\/\/www.chouette-gobe.ch\/images\/fh_nichoir.jpg\" alt=\"M\u00e2le de Gobemouche noir \u00e0 \u00a0l'entr\u00e9e de son nid\" width=\"276\" height=\"318\"> M\u00e2le de Gobemouche noir \u00e0 \u00a0l'entr\u00e9e de son nid[\/caption]<p>Les Gobemouches noirs pondent en moyenne plus tard dans nos r\u00e9gions que dans le reste de l'Europe centrale et septentrionale et leur ponte est l\u2019une des plus faibles connue en Europe. Ces deux param\u00e8tres sont li\u00e9s et les facteurs autres que la latitude (altitude, habitat, comp\u00e9tition intersp\u00e9cifique, ...) ne semblent pas pouvoir expliquer ces ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes. Etant donn\u00e9 la dur\u00e9e tr\u00e8s courte de la saison de nidification de l\u2019esp\u00e8ce et l\u2019influence marqu\u00e9e de la date de ponte sur la production de cette population, on peut consid\u00e9rer ce retard comme un facteur limitant. Mais bien d\u2019autres param\u00e8tres de la reproduction paraissent plus faibles que ce qui pr\u00e9vaut ailleurs en Europe. Ainsi le taux d\u2019\u00e9closion voisine les 80%, alors qu'il est tr\u00e8s g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0\u00a0 90% ailleurs en Europe. Le succ\u00e8s \u00e0\u00a0 l\u2019envol est donc lui aussi tr\u00e8s faible. Mais en examinant les variations de l\u2019effectif, on remarque pourtant que c'est dans l\u2019immigration d\u2019oiseaux provenant d\u2019autres populations que r\u00e9side le principal facteur explicatif du d\u00e9veloppement positif ou n\u00e9gatif de cette population. Et ce recrutement est affect\u00e9 d'une baisse constante et significative.<\/p><h3>Travaux publi\u00e9s:<\/h3><p><strong>RAVUSSIN Pierre-Alain et Cornelis NEET (1995)<\/strong> : Facteurs affectant la ponte d'une population de Gobemouche noir (<em>Ficedula hypoleuca<\/em>) dans l\u2019ouest de la Suisse. Nos Oiseaux 43 : 163-178.<\/p><p><strong>ARRIGO Daniel et Pierre-Alain RAVUSSIN (1999)<\/strong> : Un couple de Gobemouches noirs (<em>Ficedula hypoleuca<\/em>) niche sous le toit d'un chalet. Nos Oiseaux 46 : 265.<\/p><p><strong>RAVUSSIN Pierre-Alain (2000)<\/strong> : La coloration du plumage du Gobemouche noir m\u00e2le (<em>Ficedula hypoleuca<\/em>) dans une population de l\u2019ouest de la Suisse.<br>Nos Oiseaux 47 : 149-155.<a href=\"http:\/\/gobe.rompat.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/coloration_fh.pdf\"><img src=\"http:\/\/gobe.rompat.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/pdf.gif\" width=\"20px\"><\/a><\/p><p><strong>Both Christiaan, Aleksandr V Artemyev., Bert Blaauw, Richard J. Cowie, Aarnoud, J. Dekhuizen, Tapio Eeva, Anders Enemar, Lars Gustafsson, Elena V. Ivankina, Antero J\u00e3rvinen, Neil B. Metcalfe, N. Erik I. Nyholm, Jaime Potti, Pierre-Alain Ravussin, Juan Jose Sanz, Bengt Silverin, Fred M. Slater, Leonid V. Sokolov, J\u00e0nos T\u00f6r\u00f6k, Wolfgang Winkel, Jonathan Wright, Herwig Zang, Marcel E.Visser (2004)<\/strong>\u00a0: Large-scale geographical variation confirms that climate change causes birds to lay earlier.<br>Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 271, 1657-1662. <a href=\"http:\/\/gobe.rompat.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/bothetal.pdf\"><img src=\"http:\/\/gobe.rompat.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/pdf.gif\" width=\"20px\"><\/a><\/p><p><strong>Both, C., Sanz, J. J., Artemyev, A. A., Blaauw, B., Cowie, R. J., Dekhuijzen, A. J., Enemar, A., J\u00e4rvinen, A., Nyholm, N. E. I., Potti, J., Ravussin, P.-A., Silverin, B., Slater, F. M., Sokolov, L. V., Winkel, W., Wright, J., & Zang, H. (2006b)<\/strong> : Pied flycatchers travelling from Africa to breed in Europe: differential effects of winter and migration conditions on breeding date.<br>Ardea, 93, (3): 511-525. <a href=\"http:\/\/gobe.rompat.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/bothetal2.pdf\"><img src=\"http:\/\/gobe.rompat.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/pdf.gif\" width=\"20px\"><\/a><\/p><p><strong>Ravussin, P.-A., D. Arrigo, M. Schaub & A. Roulin (2007)\u00a0<\/strong>: Succ\u00e8s de la reproduction et taux de survie du Gobemouche noir Ficedula hypoleuca dans l'ouest de la Suisse, en marge de son aire de r\u00e9partition.<br>Nos Oiseaux 54: 29-40. <a href=\"http:\/\/gobe.rompat.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/gobemouche_no_2007.pdf\"><img src=\"http:\/\/gobe.rompat.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/pdf.gif\" width=\"20px\"><\/a><\/p><p><strong>Ravussin, P.-A. et D. Arrigo (2012)\u00a0<\/strong>: Le Gobemouche noir Ficedula Hypoleuca en Suisse romande: Victime du r\u00e9chauffement climatique. Nos Oiseaux 59: 23-37.<\/p><p><strong>Lehtonen P.K., Laaksonen T., Artemyev A.V., Belskii E., Berg P.R., Both C., Buggiotti L., Bures S., Burgess M.D., Bushuev A.V., Krams I., Moreno J., Magi M., Nord A., Potti J., Ravussin P.-A., Sirkia P.M., Saetre G.-P., Winkel W. and Primmer C.R.<\/strong>: Candidate genes for colour and vision exhibit signals of selection across the pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) breeding range.<br>Heredity 108: 431-440. <a href=\"http:\/\/gobe.rompat.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Lehtonen_etal_2012.pdf\"><img src=\"http:\/\/gobe.rompat.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/pdf.gif\" width=\"20px\"><\/a><\/p>","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-129","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/chouette-gobe.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/129","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/chouette-gobe.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/chouette-gobe.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chouette-gobe.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chouette-gobe.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=129"}],"version-history":[{"count":28,"href":"https:\/\/chouette-gobe.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/129\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":38877,"href":"https:\/\/chouette-gobe.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/129\/revisions\/38877"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/chouette-gobe.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=129"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}